WALDO, KNOX, LINCOLN, HANCOCK
Mature cups that would be shooting out spores have been present this week in Union, Belfast and Liberty.
Plants were at the susceptible stages in most of these fields. If you have a slower, cooler field and your plants were NOT yet at 40% of the stems with susceptible flower buds on Thursday April 28th, then your field may have escaped most of the recent infection periods this week.
Multiple mummy berry infection periods have occurred in Lincoln, Knox, Waldo and Hancock counties since Monday. The exact timing of the start and end of an infections period depended upon the field.
Infection periods occurred from:
Mon. April 25th 6 to 7pm through to Tues. April 26th 11am to noon
Tues. April 26th 5 to 7pm to Wed. April 27th 6 to 9 am
Wed. April 27th 4pm to Thurs. April 28th morning.
If you have applied fungicide within 7 days of the start of an infection period your plants would have been protected.
If your plants were NOT protected during one of the recent infection periods, you can apply fungicides with 72 hours of the start of an infection period and kill off any fungus that penetrated during that infection period.
Downeast (northern Hancock, Washington counties)
We have found one mature cup in Deblois on Wednesday April 27th, but only pinheads at Jonesboro. The fields in Deblois were not at 40% susceptible stems on Wednesday, but Blueberry Hill farm field was at 70% susceptible stems. If you have a warmer, earlier field than your plants may have been exposed to an infection period in this past couple of days.
We found no germination of mummy berries and the plant are not ready yet at Jonesport, so the wet weather would NOT have created infection periods because the fungus was not present.
There were infection periods through out this region, but to determine if you need to apply fungicides you should check the development of your plants. Please see the last 2 forecasts for information on how to evaluate your plant development.
Possible infection periods if cups were present in your field and the plants were at least 40% susceptible:
Wed. April 27th 2 to 4am through Wed. April 27th noon
Wed. April 27th 4 pm through Thurs. April 28th morning.
If your plants were NOT protected during one of the recent infection periods, you can apply fungicides with 72 hours of the start of an infection period (so by Saturday, April 30th morning) and kill off any fungus that penetrated during that infection period.
If you are using the calendar method for timing fungicide applications you will want to apply fungicides before an infection period when your plants are at 40% susceptible stems.
For recommendations on fungicides and biopesticides to control mummy berry disease please use the Disease Control Guide for 2011, Bulletin 219.
Thursday, April 28, 2011
Monday, April 25, 2011
Infection period Saturday April 23rd thru April 24th
WALDO, KNOX, LINCOLN, Southern HANCOCK
Mummy berry infection periods have occurred in most areas of Lincoln, Knox and southern Waldo county. An infection period also may have occurred in southern Hancock county.
Cups were found on Monday in Union, Liberty and Belfast. Cups had developed over the weekend in Belfast, which tends to be a week later than fields in Union for plant development. If you have a warmer, earlier field in those area, you probably did have some cups for the infection period on Saturday. If you have a cooler, later field you may have avoided the infection period. On Monday April 25th, 70% of the stems in Belfast had susceptible buds up from 30% last Thursday. Most areas that are south of Belfast will have enough susceptible stems to need protection.
The infection period in these areas started on Saturday April 23rd from approximately 10am to noon depending upon the field and ended on Sunday, April 24th from 6am to 8am, again depending upon the field.
If you have applied fungicide between April 16th and April 22nd then your plants would have been protected for the infection period on Sat. April 23rd.
If you have NOT applied fungicide, then you have until approximately Tuesday April 26th at noon to protect your plants.
The wet, warm weather forecast for much of the state in the next 4 days will provide more opportunities for infection periods to occur.
Please follow all recommendations in the Disease Control Guide for 2011, Bulletin 219.
DOWNEAST
Mummy berries are still only at the pin head stage and are not producing spores yet. Plants do not yet have enough open flower and leaf buds to have susceptible tissue to be infected. I predict cups will start to open this week with the warm, wet weather. Cups do open before the plants have enough susceptible tissue. Please check your field for how far along your plants are in development (see below). If 40% of the stems have susceptible flower buds than you have enough exposed tissue to make an application of fungicide effective.
Checking the development of your plants
To find the percentage of stems with flower buds at the F2 stage (seen to your right). Walk across your field and randomly collect 20 stems. If 8 out of 20 stems have flower buds at F2 stage than your plants are far enough along to become infected. Flower and leaf bud development follow each other closely and flower buds are much easier to determine when they are susceptible.
If you have a mummy berry patch I would like to hear how it is progressing, particularly if you are in Hancock county as I have no sites in that area.
Thursday, April 21, 2011
MUMMY BERRY INFECTION PERIODS IN SOUTH
WALDO, KNOX, LINCOLN, Southern HANCOCK
Mummy berry infection periods have likely occurred in warmer, early fields in Waldo and Lincoln and possibly Knox and Hancock counties. Cups have been found in the Union area and in Dedham. Cups are not present in Belfast yet.
Southern areas near Camden are likely to have had an infection period from Wed. April 20th around 3 to 4pm through to Thurs. April 21st 8 to 9am. Our location near Union was a bit cooler and it was not wet long enough for an infection period, but warmer fields in the area may have had an infection period.
If you have a warmer, early field, I strongly suggest checking your plants to see if you have greater than 40% of the stems with opening flower buds (stage F2). This has been variable and many fields may not have enough susceptible stems yet. If your plants are at this stage and you have a warmer field, your field is likely to have had an infection period.
If you decide to apply fungicides, with either propiconazole or fenbuconazole you have until Saturday, April 23rd to apply the fungicide and kill off the infections that occurred from Wed. April 20th.
Please follow all recommendations in the Disease Control Guide for 2011, Bulletin 219.
DOWNEAST
Mummy berries are still only at the pin head stage and are not producing spores yet. Plants do not yet have enough open flower and leaf buds to have susceptible tissue to be infected.
HOW TO CHECK PLANT STAGE IN YOUR FIELD
Please check your fields to see if 40% of the stems (8 out of 20 stems) have flower buds at the F2 stage (seen to your right). Walk across your field and randomly collect 20 stems. If 8 out of 20 stems have flower buds at F2 stage than your plants are far enough along to become infected. Flower and leaf bud development follow each other closely and flower buds are much easier to determine when they are susceptible.
WALDO, KNOX, LINCOLN, Southern HANCOCK
Mummy berry infection periods have likely occurred in warmer, early fields in Waldo and Lincoln and possibly Knox and Hancock counties. Cups have been found in the Union area and in Dedham. Cups are not present in Belfast yet.
Southern areas near Camden are likely to have had an infection period from Wed. April 20th around 3 to 4pm through to Thurs. April 21st 8 to 9am. Our location near Union was a bit cooler and it was not wet long enough for an infection period, but warmer fields in the area may have had an infection period.
If you have a warmer, early field, I strongly suggest checking your plants to see if you have greater than 40% of the stems with opening flower buds (stage F2). This has been variable and many fields may not have enough susceptible stems yet. If your plants are at this stage and you have a warmer field, your field is likely to have had an infection period.
If you decide to apply fungicides, with either propiconazole or fenbuconazole you have until Saturday, April 23rd to apply the fungicide and kill off the infections that occurred from Wed. April 20th.
Please follow all recommendations in the Disease Control Guide for 2011, Bulletin 219.
DOWNEAST
Mummy berries are still only at the pin head stage and are not producing spores yet. Plants do not yet have enough open flower and leaf buds to have susceptible tissue to be infected.
HOW TO CHECK PLANT STAGE IN YOUR FIELD
Please check your fields to see if 40% of the stems (8 out of 20 stems) have flower buds at the F2 stage (seen to your right). Walk across your field and randomly collect 20 stems. If 8 out of 20 stems have flower buds at F2 stage than your plants are far enough along to become infected. Flower and leaf bud development follow each other closely and flower buds are much easier to determine when they are susceptible.
Tuesday, April 19, 2011
MUMMY BERRY INFECTION PERIODS HAVE NOT YET OCCURRED YET.WALDO, KNOX, LINCOLN
Mon. April 18th- A single mummy berry cup was present near Union, and many pinhead cups (not yet producing spores) were present in Union and Liberty areas. Plants do not yet have enough open flower and leaf buds to have susceptible tissue to be infected. The rain predicted for Wednesday may cause an infection period IF you have an early field that already has 40% of the stems with opening flower buds (stage F2). See below on how to determine the plants' stages in your field.
DOWNEAST
Mummy berries are starting to germinate in a few areas but are only at the pinhead stage (too early to produce cups). Plants do not yet have enough open flower and leaf buds to have susceptible tissue to be infected.
HOW TO CHECK PLANT STAGE IN YOUR FIELD
Please check your fields to see if 40% of the stems (8 out of 20 stems) have flower buds at the F2 stage (seen to your right). Walk across your field and randomly collect 20 stems. If 8 out of 20 stems have flower buds at F2 stage than your plants are far enough along to become infected. Flower and leaf bud development follow each other closely and flower buds are much easier to determine when they are susceptible.
Please follow all recommendations in Disease Control Guide for 2011, Bulletin 219.
FROST is NOT required for mummy berry infection
Studies in Nova Scotia by Dr. Paul Hildebrand have found that plants do NOT need to have been exposed to frost to get mummy berry infections. The fungal spores only need susceptible leaf or flower tissue and a long enough wet period (dependent on the temperature) to get into the plant. Leaves and flowers exposed to frost have more severe disease symptoms but no more infections than without frost. Disease will occur after an infection period even if no frost has occurred.
Request for information on YOUR mummy berry plots
IF you have mummy berry plot you are watching, please call (1-800-897-0757) or email (sannis@maine.edu) and tell me where your location is and what stage are your mummy berries. I would very much appreciate any additional information.
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